Red Hat Linux 8.0: The Official Red Hat Linux Getting Started Guide
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# Document Conventions

When you read this manual, you will see that certain words are represented in different fonts, typefaces, sizes, and weights. This highlighting is systematic; different words are represented in the same style to indicate their inclusion in a specific category. The types of words that are represented this way include the following:

`command`

  Linux commands (and other operating system commands, when used) are represented this way. This style should indicate to you that you can type the word or phrase on the command line and press [Enter] to invoke a command. Sometimes a command contains words that would be displayed in a different style on their own (such as filenames). In these cases, they are considered to be part of the command, so the entire phrase will be displayed as a command. For example:

  Use the `cat testfile` command to view the contents of a file, named `testfile`, in the current working directory.

`filename`

  Filenames, directory names, paths, and RPM package names are represented this way. This style should indicate that a particular file or directory exists by that name on your Red Hat Linux system. Examples:

  The `.bashrc` file in your home directory contains bash shell definitions and aliases for your own use.

  The `/etc/fstab` file contains information about different system devices and filesystems.

  Install the `webalizer` RPM if you want to use a Web server log file analysis program.

application

  This style should indicate to you that the program named is an end-user application (as opposed to system software). For example:

  Use Mozilla to browse the Web.

[key]

  A key on the keyboard is shown in this style. For example:

  To use [Tab] completion, type in a character and then press the [Tab] key. Your terminal will display the list of files in the directory that start with that letter.

[key]-[combination]

  A combination of keystrokes is represented in this way. For example:

  The [Ctrl]-[Alt]-[Backspace] key combination will exit your graphical session and return you to the graphical login screen or the console.

text found on a GUI interface

  A title, word, or phrase found on a GUI interface screen or window will be shown in this style. When you see text shown in this style, it is being used to identify a particular GUI screen or an element on a GUI screen (such as text associated with a checkbox or field). Example:

  Select the Require Password checkbox if you would like your screensaver to require a password before stopping.

top level of a menu on a GUI screen or window

  When you see a word in this style, it indicates that the word is the top level of a pulldown menu. If you click on the word on the GUI screen, the rest of the menu should appear. For example:

  Under File on a GNOME terminal, you will see the New Tab option that allows you to open multiple shell prompts in the same window.

  If you need to type in a sequence of commands from a GUI menu, they will be shown like the following example:

  Go to Main Menu Button (on the Panel) => Programming => Emacs to start the Emacs text editor.

button on a GUI screen or window

  This style indicates that the text will be found on a clickable button on a GUI screen. For example:

  Click on the Back button to return to the webpage you last viewed.

`computer output`

  When you see text in this style, it indicates text displayed by the computer on the command line. You will see responses to commands you typed in, error messages, and interactive prompts for your input during scripts or programs shown this way. For example:

  Use the `ls` command to display the contents of a directory:

      $ ls
      Desktop                about.html       logs          paulwesterberg.png
      Mail                   backupfiles      mail          reports

  The output returned in response to the command (in this case, the contents of the directory) is shown in this style.

`prompt`

  A prompt, which is a computer's way of signifying that it is ready for you to input something, will be shown in this style. Examples:

  `$`

  `#`

  `[stephen@maturin stephen]$`

  `leopard login:`

`user input`

  Text that the user has to type, either on the command line, or into a text box on a GUI screen, is displayed in this style. In the following example, `text` is displayed in this style:

  To boot your system into the text based installation program, you will need to type in the `text` command at the `boot:` prompt.

Additionally, we use several different strategies to draw your attention to certain pieces of information. In order of how critical the information is to your system, these items will be marked as note, tip, important, caution, or a warning. For example:

| Note
| Remember that Linux is case sensitive. In other words, a rose is not a ROSE is not a rOsE.

| Tip
| The directory `/usr/share/doc` contains additional documentation for packages installed on your system.

| Important
| If you modify the DHCP configuration file, the changes will not take effect until you restart the DHCP daemon.

| Caution
| Do not perform routine tasks as root — use a regular user account unless you need to use the root account for system administration tasks.

| Warning
| If you choose not to partition manually, a server installation will remove all existing partitions on all installed hard drives. Do not choose this installation class unless you are sure you have no data you need to save.

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